Fiber to the home (FTTH) is the installation and use of optical fiber all the way to individual buildings such as single family units, multidwelling units, and businesses to provide high-speed broadband access. FTTH dramatically increases connection speeds and reliability for broadband networks compared to existing copper infrastructures.
A Passive Optical Network (PON) is a versatile technology that it can be deployed by various network operators who want to deliver advanced voice, video and data services to their users / subscribers using fiber optic cables. PON is the most popular of the methods used to provide fiber-to-the-home(FTTH), fiber-to-the-desk(FTTD), fiber-to-the-MDU(FTTMdu), fiber-to-the-business (FTTB) and the host of other FTTx locations.
A PON system consists of optical line termination (OLT) at the communication provider’s end and a number of optical network units (ONUs) at the user’s end. The term “passive” simply means that there are no power requirements while the network is up and running.
A PON consists of an Optical Line Termination (OLT) at the communication company’s office and a number of Optical Network Units (ONUs) near end users. Typically, up to 32 ONUs can be connected to an OLT. The passive simply describes the fact that optical transmission has no power requirements or active electronic parts once the signal is going through the network.
GPON – a “gigabit-capable PON” that supports 2.488 Gbps downstream and 1.244 Gbpsupstream; also called the ITU G.984 standard; EPON – the most popular PON implementation; transmits data as Ethernetframes at up to 10 Gbps downstream and upstream; also known as GEPON or the IEEE 802.3 standard.
A PON fiber optic access network consists of three pieces:
- an optical line terminal (OLT) at the service provider’s central office (headend/hub)
- a number of optical network units (ONU) located near end users. If you have fiber optics coming into your home, you probably have an ONU somewhere in your house. ONUs are frequently called ONT (optical network terminals)
an optical distribution network (ODN)connecting the OLT and ONU together
ODN is the optical distribution network between OLT and ONT, it is the part of FTTx network, It plays an important role in the whole link. That’s including such four parts as Central Office Feeder Section Distribution Section Drop Section.
Difference between EPON and GPON
EPON and GPON are popular versions of passive optical networks (PONs).These short-haul networks of fiber-optical cable are used for Internet access,voice over Internet protocol (VoIP),and digital TV delivery in metropolitan areas.Other uses include backhaul connections for cellular basestations,Wi-Fi hotspots, and even distributed antenna systems (DAS). The primary differences between them lie in the protocols used for downstream and upstream communications.
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